Core services: inpatient, outpatient, crisis, and specialized clinics
Psychiatric hospitals in Canada offer a continuum of care designed to meet individuals where they are, whether in acute distress or managing ongoing mental health conditions. Below is an overview of the core service lines you will encounter in most psychiatric and mental health treatment settings across the country.
Inpatient psychiatric services
Inpatient psychiatric services provide 24-hour supervised care in a secure hospital environment for individuals experiencing severe mental health crises, acute psychosis, suicidal ideation, or conditions that cannot be safely managed in the community. Admission typically follows an emergency assessment or physician referral. During an inpatient stay, patients receive comprehensive psychiatric evaluation, medication adjustment, individual and group therapy, safety planning, and discharge coordination to ensure continuity of care upon return to the community.
Outpatient mental health programs
Outpatient mental health programs allow individuals to receive ongoing psychiatric care while living at home and maintaining daily routines. These programs include individual psychotherapy, group therapy, medication management, psychoeducation, and relapse prevention planning. Outpatient care is ideal for people who are stable enough to live independently but require regular professional support to manage symptoms, prevent relapse, and build coping skills. Many programs offer flexible scheduling, including evening and virtual appointments where available.
Crisis intervention services
Crisis intervention services are designed for rapid response to mental health emergencies. These services provide immediate assessment, de-escalation, safety planning, and referral to appropriate levels of care. Crisis intervention services may be accessed through hospital emergency departments, mobile crisis teams, or dedicated crisis centers. The goal is to stabilize the individual, ensure safety, and connect them with ongoing treatment as quickly as possible.
Addiction treatment programs
Addiction treatment programs address substance use disorders and co-occurring mental health conditions through integrated care models. Services include medically supervised withdrawal management (detox), individual and group counseling, relapse prevention education, harm reduction strategies, and linkage to community recovery supports. Many psychiatric hospitals offer specialized addiction programs that recognize the interplay between mental illness and substance use, providing coordinated treatment for both.
Geriatric psychiatry services
Geriatric psychiatry services focus on the mental health needs of older adults, addressing conditions such as depression, anxiety, dementia-related behavioral symptoms, late-life psychosis, and medication management in the context of multiple chronic illnesses. These programs are staffed by clinicians with expertise in aging and often include interdisciplinary teams of psychiatrists, geriatricians, nurses, social workers, and occupational therapists.
Youth mental health services
Youth mental health services provide age-appropriate psychiatric care for children and adolescents experiencing mood disorders, anxiety, psychosis, eating disorders, trauma, and behavioral challenges. Programs are designed with developmental considerations in mind and often involve family therapy, school liaison, and transition planning to adult services when appropriate. Early intervention is a priority, as timely treatment can significantly improve long-term outcomes.